Bone and calcium metabolism associated with malignancy. Endocrine therapy of breast cancer.

Abstract

Estrogen receptor(ER)-positive breast cancer accounts for approximately 80%of all breast cancers. The basic concept of endocrine therapy is to deplete estrogen(LH-RH agonist and aromatase inhibitor)and inhibit the action of estrogen against estrogen-dependent growth in ER-positive breast cancer. Recently, new molecular targeting agents, including an mTOR inhibitor and a CDK4/6 inhibitor, have been used in combination with endocrine therapy for the treatment of ER-positive metastatic breast cancer.