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Abstract
Objectives:To assess the bond strength and the morphology of enamel after application of self-etching adhesive systems with different acidities. The tested hypothesis was that the performance of the self-etching adhesive systems does not vary for the studied parameters.Material and methods:Composite resin (Filtek Z250) buildups were bonded to untreated (prophylaxis) and treated (burcut or SiC-paper) enamel surfaces of third molars after application of four self-etching and two etch-and-rinse adhesive systems (n=6/condition): Clearfil SE Bond (CSE); OptiBond Solo Plus Self-Etch (OP); AdheSe (AD); Tyrian Self Priming Etching (TY), Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus (SBMP) and Adper Single Bond (SB). After storage in water (24 h/37°C), the bonded specimens were sectioned into sticks with 0.8 mm2 cross-sectional area and the microtensile bond strength was tested at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The mean bond strength values (MPa) were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). The etching patterns of the adhesive systems were also observed with a scanning electron microscope.Results:The main factor adhesive system was statistically significant (p<0.05). The mean bond strength values (MPa) and standard deviations were: CSE (20.5±3.5), OP (11.3±2.3), AD (11.2±2.8), TY (11.1±3.0), SBMP (21.9±4.0) and SB (24.9±3.0). Different etching patterns were observed for the self-etching primers depending on the enamel treatment and the pH of the adhesive system.Conclusion:Although there is a tendency towards using adhesive systems with simplified application procedures, this may compromise the bonding performance of some systems to enamel, even when the prismless enamel is removed.
Highlights
The self-etching approach has been proposed in an effort to simplify the dentin/enamel bonding systems
The clinical application of these systems would be even further promising if their performance were at least similar to that of three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive systems, which are considered clinically favorable on bonding to enamel and dentin[23] because both substrates need to be hybridized in most clinical situations
The highest resin-enamel mean bond strength value was observed for the two etch-and-rinse adhesive systems (SBMP and Single Bond (SB))
Summary
The self-etching approach has been proposed in an effort to simplify the dentin/enamel bonding systems. These materials combine tooth surface etching and priming steps into one single procedure. Self-etching adhesive systems differ from etch-and-rinse adhesives in several aspects, such as the initial pH, type of acidic monomer, number of bottles and steps, concentration of water and solvents, and the hydrophilicity of the bonding layer. They are classified into two- or one-step systems depending on the number of procedures required for bonding, as well as in mild, moderate and acidic systems depending on their initial pH31. It is clinically important to determine the performance of such systems on ground vs. unground enamel substrates
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