Body Roundness Index, A Body Shape Index, Conicity Index, and Their Association with Nutritional Status and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in South African Rural Young Adults.

Mbelege Rosina Nkwana,Kotsedi Daniel Monyeki,Sogolo Lucky Lebelo

doi:10.3390/ijerph18010281

Mbelege Rosina Nkwana, Kotsedi Daniel Monyeki + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010281

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Abstract

Background: The study aimed to investigate the association of Body Roundness Index (BRI), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), and Conicity Index with nutritional status and cardiovascular risk factors in South African rural young adults. Methods: The study included a total of 624 young adults aged 21–30 years from the Ellisras rural area. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure (BP), and biochemical measurements were measured. Results: BRI was significantly correlated with insulin (0.252 males, females 0.255), homeostatic model assessment (HOMA)-β (0.250 males, females 0.245), and TG (0.310 males, females 0.216). Conicity Index was significantly associated with pulse rate (PR) (β 0.099, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.017, 0.143, p < 0.013; β 0.081, 95% CI 0.000 0.130, p < 0.048), insulin (β 0.149, 95% CI 0.286 0.908, p < 0.001; β 0.110, 95% CI 0.123 0.757, p < 0.007). Conicity Index is associated with insulin resistance (IR) (odds ratio (OR) 7.761, 95% CI 5.783 96.442, p < 0.001; OR 4.646, 95% CI 2.792 74.331, p < 0.007), underweight (OR 0.023, 95% CI 0.251 0.433, p < 0.001; OR 0.031, 95% CI 0.411 0.612, p < 0.001), and obesity (OR 1.058, 95% CI 271.5 4.119, p < 0.001; OR 1.271, 95% CI 0.672 1.099, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Conicity Index was positively associated with insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidaemia. Further investigation of these indices and their association with nutritional status and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) could assist in efforts to prevent CVD in the rural South African population.

Highlights

Anthropometric parameters are a reliable, non-invasive, and affordable measurement for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their associated risk factors
The current findings indicate that Body Roundness Index (BRI) and Conicity Index were associated with dyslipidaemia
Our findings showed associations between selected anthropometric indices and CVD risk factors. These findings demonstrate that Conicity Index, A Body Shape Index (ABSI), and BRI were associated with CVD risk factors among the Ellisras rural young adults

Summary

Introduction

Anthropometric parameters are a reliable, non-invasive, and affordable measurement for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their associated risk factors. Some anthropometric measures are not effective in estimating abdominal obesity [1]. Health Organisation (WHO) established obesity using the anthropometry index as Body. Mass Index (BMI) equal to 30 kg/m2 or greater [2]. This BMI has its limitation as it cannot reflect an individual’s fat distribution and cannot differentiate between fat mass and muscle weight. Waist circumference has been recommended as a substitute for the obesity index, which modulates the limitation of BMI [3]. The A Body Shape Index was found to be related to abdominal adipose tissue [5].

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