Abstract
The objective of the study was analysis of the relationship between body posture and balance reactions in girls and boys aged 12-15 years. The study covered 503 girls and boys aged 12-15 attending randomly selected Primary School, and Junior High School in Poland. Body posture was examined by means of spatial photogrammetry using the projection moire effect. Postural reations were tested on an R50300 Cosmogamma platform by Emildue. In the saggital plane, 297 (59.05%) correct postures and 206 (40.95%) postural defects were observed. In the frontal plane, there were only 3 (0.60%) correct postures, 238 (47.32%) scoliotic postures, 262 (52.09%) residual scoliosis, and 46 (9.15%) idiopathic scoliosis >10°. A significant relationship was observed between anterior-posterior speed with closed eyes and lateral curvature of the spine, both with defects in the saggital plane and without these defects (p=0.044). Lateral curvatures of the spine and defects in the saggital plane are accompanied by a clear increase in the anterior-posterior speed. A significant relationship was found between the mean loading point Y with open eyes and lateral curvature of the spine, both with postural defects and without these defects (p=0.043). This parameter was the highest among the defects in the saggital plane, without lateral curvature of the spine. A significant relationship was also observed between the mean sway X (p=0.009) and the mean sway Y in the test with eyes open (p=0.046), and defects in the saggital plane, both with lateral curvature of the spine and without these defects.
Highlights
The causes of the development of postural defects and scoliosis have not been explained to date
The χ2 did not show any significant differences between girls and boys (χ2 =2.119; p=0.346) (Tab. 2). significant differences between girls and boys occurred for the path length (LP), mean loading point Y (MLPY), lateral speed (LS), anteroposterior speed (APS) and the mean sway X (MSX)
In the open eyes test (OE), the mean loading point Y (MLPY) was the lowest among the 13-year-olds, followed by those aged 12, 14, and 15, and in the closed eyes test (CE), this parameter increased with age
Summary
The causes of the development of postural defects and scoliosis have not been explained to date. There is no commonly accepted theory of etiopathogenesis of scoliosis. There is a consensus that idiopathic scoliosis is conditioned by multiple factors. A mathematical theory of chaos has become popular in explaining the phenomenon of scoliosis. This theory assumes a change in the biological parameters of the body which is imperceptible to the contemporary researcher, and causes a cascade of slow, but consistent changes. Body posture defects and scoliosis are disorders related to disturbed static, adjustment reactions, as well as efficiency of balance reactions, which overlap onto the consciously performed programme of voluntary movements. Body posture is conditioned by many factors, primarily central regulation, the quality of which is mas.ccsenet.org
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