Body Mass Index, use of Statins or Current Lipidemic Control: Do they Affect Body Fat Distribution in Sedentary Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are a complementary threat around the globe. Deranged body fat distribution in T2DM needs serious attention, starting from its measurement up to guiding appropriate intervention. We tried to associate parameters of body fat distribution T2DM patients with body mass index (BMI), Lipidemic control and preventive pharmacotherapy using bio-electrical impedance analysis (BIA) method. Materials and Methods: We recruited 78 sedentary (42 males, 36 females) T2DM subjects with known glycemic and Lipidemic lipidemic control. Whole body scan was done using BIA principle with Omron Karada Scan (China) to derive total body fat, subcutaneous fat, visceral fat, ratio of subcutaneous fat to visceral fat and BMI. These parameters were compared among group based on BMI, lipidemic control and use of statin/angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors for difference and statistical significance. Results: Type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects had high mean age, high BMI and fair lipidemic control. All measures of body fat distribution derived by BIA were statistically significantly different among t groups separated by BMI cut-off 25. However, there was small, statistically insignificant difference of body fat parameters amongst groups based on control of high- density lipoproteins, low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides except for subcutaneous fat. Those taking statins or ACE inhibitors did not have significantly better body fat distribution than those not taking it. Conclusion: Deranged body fat distribution in T2DM measured by BIA correlated with BMI. These parameters are improved neither by lipidemic control nor by preventive pharmacotherapy. This suggests the use of other interventions like weight reduction and optimum use of BIA for monitoring utilizing primary health care resources.