BODY MASS INDEX TRAJECTORIES IN EARLY LIFE IS PREDICTIVE OF CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK

Abstract

Abstract Objective: Few studies have clarified the association between body mass index (BMI) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and in China, the predictive values of BMI trajectory in early life for the cardiometabolic risks remains unclear. This study aimed at exploring the effects of BMI trajectories on the adult CVD outcomes using a dataset with 30 years of follow-up. Design and method: A total of 2839 participants aged 6–18 years whose BMIs were measured 3–6 times during the Hanzhong Adolescent Hypertension Study were included in our analysis. Latent Mixture Modeling was used to clarify distinct BMI trajectories in longitudinal analyses. Results: Three groups with distinct trajectories in BMI were identified by the latent mixed models: a normal group (n = 1324, 36.64%), a moderate-increasing group (n = 1178, 16.89%) and a high-increasing group (n = 337, 39.46%). Compared with the participants in the normal group, the RRs of hypertension, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, high-risk triglycerides and high-risk high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were more than 3.0 in the high-increasing group (all P < 0.001) after being fully adjusted. Increased risks existed in high brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) for the high-increasing group compared with the normal group (RR = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.94–3.91, P < 0.001). Additionally, participants in the moderate-increasing group had a 2.31-fold increased risks of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (95% CI: 1.25–4.30, P = 0.008). Conclusions: Our study indicates that BMI trajectories from childhood to adulthood vary and that elevated BMI trajectory in early life is predictive of an increased the risk of developing CVD risks.