Abstract
The effect of body mass index (BMI) changes and variability on the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains unclear. We analyzed 45,076 participants, whose BMI were measured on phase 1 (2002–2003), phase 2 (2004–2005), and phase 3 (2006–2007), of the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort. We evaluated the effect of 2- and 4-year BMI changes and BMI variability on the risk of AD using Cox regression models. In men, association between 2-year BMI changes, BMI variability, and the risk of AD was not significant. Risk of AD was higher in men whose BMI had decreased 10.1–15.0% over 4 years. In women, aHRs and 95% CIs for AD were 1.14 (1.02–1.29), 1.44 (1.17–1.79), and 1.51 (1.09–2.09) when 2-year BMI loss was 5.1–10.0%, 10.1–15.0%, and > 15.0%. The HRs for AD in women significantly increased when 4-year BMI loss was > 5.0%. The aHR and 95% CI for AD was 1.31 (1.17–1.46) in the 4th quartile of average successive variability (ASV) compared with the 1st quartile of ASV in women. BMI loss over 2- and 4-year period was associated with increased risk for AD, and risk increased in women with higher BMI variability. Appropriate body weight management is recommended to prevent AD.
Highlights
The effect of body mass index (BMI) changes and variability on the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains unclear
BMI loss over the 2- and 4-year periods increased the risk for AD
The risk increased in women as the amount of BMI loss over both time periods had increased
Summary
The effect of body mass index (BMI) changes and variability on the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains unclear. BMI loss over 2- and 4-year period was associated with increased risk for AD, and risk increased in women with higher BMI variability. BMI or weight loss and higher BMI or weight variability were associated with an increased risk for AD11–16. These studies concluded that weight loss precedes AD since weight loss may be a causal factor or a prodromal symptom of AD11–14. There is only one study that evaluated the association between BMI change and risk of dementia in the general Korean population.
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