Body Image Perceptions Related To Muscle Dysmorphia Among Competitive And Non-competitive Male Weight Lifters

Abstract

Muscle Dysmorphia (MD) is a psychological disorder associated with body dissatisfaction. The current literature shows a prevalence of MD among competitive male weight lifters, however, little is known about MD among non-competitive male weight lifters. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to measure and compare body image perceptions related to MD among competitive and non-competitive male weight lifters. METHODS: The Muscle Dysmorphia Inventory (MDI) was used to assess body image perceptions and the characteristics of muscle dysmorphia among men in both competitive and non-competitive groups. Each subscale score of the MDI was calculated by summing all item scores within the subscale. Higher scores were associated with greater risk for MD. Participants included 38 competitive and 38 non-competitive male weight lifters (mean age = 24). MANOVA was used to measure differences between groups in all subscales. RESULTS: Both competitive and non-competitive male weightlifters exhibited relatively high MDI subscale scores and no significant differences in MDI subscale scores were found between groups (alpha = 0.05, see table below).TABLECONCLUSION: All weightlifters in this study had similarly high MDI subscale scores which place them at risk for MD. Additionally, no apparent differences in MDI subscale scores between competitive and non-competitive male weightlifters were found indicating that both groups have similar MD risks. These findings should encourage coaches, trainers, and fitness and health professionals to become aware of the behavioral signs associated with MD and to look for these signs in all male weight lifters under their supervision.