Body Dissatisfaction Is Central to Military Eating Disorder Pathology: A Multi-Time-Point Network Analysis

Abstract

Military membership may put individuals at risk for eating disorders (EDs) due to military specific risk factors such as strict physical fitness requirements, increased salience of weight, and exposure to trauma. Current ED assessments and treatments do not account for these military-specific risk factors. Empirically identifying maintaining factors for EDs can clarify which specific ED symptoms may be efficacious treatment targets for service members and veterans. Thus, we employed network analysis within a military sample to identify central ED symptoms and compare if these symptoms changed across three time-points. We hypothesized that body dissatisfaction and overexercise would be identified as central symptoms across all three time-points. Individuals in the military (73.7% male, 84.8% active duty, Mage = 30.74) completed the Eating Pathology Symptom Inventory (EPSI; Forbush et al., 2013) at baseline (n = 216), and at 1-month (n = 191) and 3-month follow-up (n = 176). We computed cross-sectional graphical LASSO networks and found that the most central symptoms were related to body dissatisfaction, overexercise, binge eating and diet pill/diuretics; these symptoms were largely stable across multiple time-points. Body dissatisfaction was identified as central across all three time-points and overexercise, binge eating, and diet pill/diuretics were identified as central across two timepoints. These findings are in line with network studies among men and clinical patients that find weight/shape concerns consistently emerge as central ED symptoms. Given that overexercise and diuretics are both central symptoms and frequently employed by military populations, providers should assess these symptoms and work to treat them in a culturally responsive way when they arise.