Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate body composition in patients with COPD using two methods, Quételet index and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and to compare their diagnostic values.Methods. The study included 198 patients with COPD admitted to the Territorial Teaching hospital No.2, and 28 healthy volunteers. According to COPD severity, patients were divided into 4 groups; healthy volunteers (n = 28) were included in the control group. All groups were matched for sex and age. Anthropometry with body mass index (BMI) calculation and BIA were done in all participants.Results. The lowest average BMI was found in patients with severe and very severe COPD. Patients with infrequent exacerbations without decreased BMI had reduction in fat-free mass (FFM) in 12.3% (n = 25); 14.1% patients (n = 28) had increased body fat mass and decreased FFM. According to BIA results, reduction of FFM was seen significantly more often than reduction of BMI (57.6% vs 30%; χ2= 58.71; p = 0.03). BIA parameters describing muscle tissue were significantly related to the severity of bronchial obstruction (FEV1).Conclusion. Investigation of body composition using BIA method should be used as a tool for comprehensive examination of COPD patients, for personalized choice of treatment and in rehabilitation programs.
Highlights
Хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких (ХОБЛ) представляет собой важную медико-социальную проблему, обусловленную выраженными системными эффектами заболевания, проявляющимися нарушением всех видов обмена, в т. ч. нутритивного статуса [1]
A difference between groups was statistically significant if p < 0.005: *, between groups 1 and 4; **, between groups 1 and 3
A difference between groups was statistically significant if p < 0.005: *, between groups 1 and 2; **, between groups 1 and 3; ***, between groups 1 and 4; ****, between groups 2 and 3
Summary
Особенности исследования состава тела у больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких. 2 – Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Краевая клиническая больница No 2» Министерства здравоохранения Краснодарского края: 350012, Краснодар, ул. Целью исследования явилось изучение состава тела больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (ХОБЛ) методами расчета коэффициента Кетле и биоимпедансометрии и сравнение их диагностической значимости. В группах с редкими обострениями, где дефицит ИМТ не отмечен, при проведении биоимпедансометрии обнаружено снижение тощей массы тела (ТМТ) у 25 (12,3 %) пациентов. По результатам проведенного биоимпедансного исследования выявлено снижение ТМТ у 57,6 % пациентов с ХОБЛ, что значимо выше данных по дефициту массы тела, полученных при расчете ИМТ (57,6 % vs 30 %; χ2 = 58,71; p = 0,03). Изучение компонентного состава тела при помощи биоимпедансометрии должно использоваться для комплексной оценки состояния больных ХОБЛ, индивидуального подбора лечения и программ реабилитации.
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