Body composition in chronic kidney disease patients and haemodialysis

Abstract

Nutritional alterations are highly prevalent among patients with chronic kidney diseases stage 5 who receive haemodialysis therapy. Body composition alterations are directly related to an increased morbidity and mortality. Nutritional assessment represents a cardinal intervention oriented to improve the outcome and survival in chronic renal patients. To evaluate body composition in a mexican population with chronic kidney disease stage 5 and haemodialysis therapy. Prospective, descriptive and transversal study. Free fatty mass (FFM) and fatty mass (FM) were evaluated by means of bioelectric impedance (BIE), anthropometrics measures (MPA) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). 20 patients were evaluated (12 females and 8 males). Mean age was 51.9 +/- 19.3 years. Mean weight was 59.5 +/- 10.5 kg and mean body mass index was 24.9 +/- 3.1 kg/m(2). Mean FFM values were 42.4 +/- 8.6 kg (MPA), 43.6 +/- 8.9 kg (DEXA) y 42.8 +/- 10.2 kg (IBE). Mean FM values: 17.2 +/- 6.2 kg (MPA), 15.9 +/- 6.9 kg (DEXA) and 16.9 +/- 6.9 kg (IBE). Correlation coefficients between the three methods were: FFM, 0.982 (MPA vs IBE), 0.963 (MPA vs DEXA) y 0.947 (IBE vs DEXA). Fatty mass: 0.975 (MPAvs IBE), 0.925 (MPA vs DEXA) y 0.898 (IBE vs DEXA). In the studied population, fatty mass was increased and FFM was within the reference ranges. There was not evidence of protein malnutrition. MPA and BIE are practical and useful tools to evaluate body composition in mexican chronic kidney disease patients who receive haemodialysis therapy. The results obtained by means of MPA and BIE correlated with results obtained by DEXA.