Abstract
BackgroundBo-Gan-Whan (BGH), a Korean polyherbal medicine, is used as a hepatoprotective drug. It has six natural sources, and has been demonstrated to have anti-oxidative, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties; however, its effect on vascular diseases remains unclear.MethodsCell viability and proliferation assays were employed using an EZ-Cytox Cell Viability Assay Kit. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration was measured by scratch wound healing assay and Boyden chamber assay. The expression levels of the phosphorylated signaling proteins relevant to proliferation, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were determined by western blot analysis. Chromatogram and mass analysis were employed by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) system. Cell prolife ration and migration were also explored using the PDGF-BB-induced aortic sprout assay.ResultsBGH (100–500 μg/mL) significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs through the reduced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK in comparison to untreated PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMC. Moreover, we identified the paeoniflorin as the major composition of BGH.ConclusionsWe suggest that BGH may have an anti-atherosclerosis effect by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs through down-regulation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation.
Highlights
Bo-Gan-Whan (BGH), a Korean polyherbal medicine, is used as a hepatoprotective drug
Several studies have shown that vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) motility and hyperplasia in response to arterial pathogenesis were stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) [7, 8]
BGH inhibits the migration of PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs One of the causes of atherosclerosis is an abnormal migration of VSMCs in pathogenic condition that be induced by PDGF and cytokines [7, 8]
Summary
Bo-Gan-Whan (BGH), a Korean polyherbal medicine, is used as a hepatoprotective drug. It has six natural sources, and has been demonstrated to have anti-oxidative, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory properties; its effect on vascular diseases remains unclear. Acute coronary diseases are associated with mortality and require urgent medical attention such as stent therapy to restore blood flow to a narrowed blood vessel [2]. The stent therapy has an inevitable risk factor such as vascular restenosis [3]. In vascular lesion, abnormal physiological responses of smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) underlying cell migration. Several studies have shown that VSMCs motility and hyperplasia in response to arterial pathogenesis were stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) [7, 8]. PDGF-BB can stimulate arterial pathogenesis signal cascades such as PDGF beta receptor and its downstream signaling molecules, resulted in an increasing phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and activated of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 [9, 10].
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