Abstract

The recent publication of the Bluetooth Mesh standard is a remarkable milestone in the evolution of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). As a new technology in the Internet of Things (IoT) market, it is crucial to investigate the performance of Bluetooth Mesh. However, while a fundamental feature of Bluetooth Mesh is its suitability for energy-constrained devices, this aspect has not yet been properly considered in the literature. In this paper, we model the current consumption, lifetime and energy cost per delivered bit of a battery-operated Bluetooth Mesh sensor node. The model is based on measurements performed on a real hardware platform. Evaluation results quantify the impact of crucial Bluetooth Mesh parameters. Among others, we have found that a sensor device running on a simple 235 mAh battery, and sending a data message every 10 s, can achieve a lifetime of up to 15.6 months, whereas the asymptotic lifetime is 21.4 months.

Highlights

  • Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is a low-power wireless technology that has become a cornerstone for the Internet of Things (IoT) [1,2]

  • We have presented analytical models on important energy performance parameters of a battery-operated Bluetooth Mesh-Low Power Node (BM-LPN), such as current consumption, lifetime and energy consumed per delivered bit

  • The models take into account the influence of Bluetooth Mesh parameters, such as ReceiveWindow and PollTimeout, as well as the data message rate

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Summary

Introduction

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is a low-power wireless technology that has become a cornerstone for the Internet of Things (IoT) [1,2]. BLE was originally designed to create star-topology networks, where devices with significant resource constraints are connected via a direct link to a potentially less constrained central device An example of this paradigm is a set of battery-operated sensors that provide their readings to a smartphone that centralizes sensor data collection. We model the energy performance of a low power device (a battery-operated sensor) that makes use of the energy saving feature provided by Bluetooth Mesh. We call such a device a Bluetooth Mesh-Low Power Node (BM-LPN).

Related Work
Bluetooth
BLE Overview
Bluetooth Mesh Layers
Low Power Support in Bluetooth Mesh
Modeling the Energy
Experimental
Current consumption nRF51422TDevelopment
BM-LPN Current Consumption
This section is large
Impact
Energy Consumed
Energy Consumed per Delivered Bit
Network Lifetime and Architectural Design of Bluetooth Mesh
Conclusions
Full Text
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