Abstract
Previous work has demonstrated the feasibility of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) as an alternative technology for data transfers in inter-vehicular communication (IVC) scenarios. Bluetooth 5.x core specifications enhance the trade-off between energy requirements, communication range and flexibility. In this paper, we aim to analyse the potential of Bluetooth 5 features for VANET applications, proposing a connectionless communication system. By means of field experiments, we evaluate long range and 2 × speed features, defining a set of communication scenarios. This allows us to test both Bluetooth 5.x range and application throughput. The evaluation includes experiments of V2I communications carried out under real highway traffic conditions. The experiments conducted demonstrate that communication ranges up to 300 m may be achieved depending on the communications scenario. The results also show how throughput degrades as the distance between devices increases. The results obtained are used to discuss future work, aimed at deeper analysing Bluetooth 5 features for VANET applications, completing the development of our prototype and evaluating VANET connectionless communications with the features included in the latest Bluetooth 5.2 specification.
Highlights
In recent years, several systems aimed at enhancing connectivity in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have been proposed, ranging from dedicated short-range communication standards (DSRC) to Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communications via mobile data networks
In order to evaluate the performance of Bluetooth 5.x new features in an inter-vehicular communication (IVC) context, we used the testbed described in the previous Section and conducted the experiments detailed in Sect. 5.5 both under static and real driving conditions
With the analysis of the data gathered by the boards in different communication scenarios, we have been able to draw a set of conclusions that are presented
Summary
Several systems aimed at enhancing connectivity in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) have been proposed, ranging from dedicated short-range communication standards (DSRC) to Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communications via mobile data networks. In recent years there has been a great development of LPWAN technologies designed for IoT scenarios which may be used in vehicular communications, such as LoRa [3]. They are interesting because they have been designed for long-range and low-power communications. Bluetooth is a low-cost, off-the-self technology in modern smartphones and vehicles This and the new characteristics of the protocol are the reasons why we have adopted Bluetooth. Recent work only provides partial or unrealistic results of Bluetooth 5.x performance, compared with studies in which BLE 4 was analysed [4, 5]
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