Abstract
Oral common blue nevus is an asymptomatic, benign, rare, pigmented lesion and sometimes clinically indistinguishable from other pigmented lesions such as the cellular blue nevus or early-stage malignant melanoma. Since it shows clinical similarities with a malignant lesion and with cellular blue nevus that can itself suffer malignant transformation, the decisive diagnosis is crucial for adequate treatment, follow-up, and prognosis. Diagnosis confirmation is given by histological analysis, the reason why most oral pigmented lesions are excised. The following case presents an asymptomatic oral pigmented lesion of the hard palate discovered during observation in an emergency setting due to an abscess of dental origin. The lesion was fully excised, and histological examination reported a “common blue nevus.” In this case, we intend to present a rare lesion of the oral cavity and the importance of performing a routine oral examination when given a chance as a preventive approach.
Highlights
Oral melanocytic nevi (OMN) are rare, benign tumors of melanocytes [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. e pathogenesis and etiology of OMN are still poorly understood [1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 9]; the most consensual theory is that they arise from latent dendritic melanocytes, which remain trapped in the dermis, from the embryologic migration of melanoblasts, their precursors, and from the neural crest to the epidermis [1, 3, 4, 10,11,12]
E following case presents a 40-year-old male with an asymptomatic pigmented lesion located in the left hard palate, discovered during an emergency visit due to a dental abscess. e lesion was fully excised with the histological diagnosis of “common blue nevus of the oral mucosa.” is case report presents a rare lesion of the oral cavity that has a risk of malignant transformation, highlighting the importance of the routine oral examination as a preventive approach
The ABCDE system may be a helpful tool in considering malignancy in the oral cavity, clinical impression is insufficient for definite diagnosis and most pigmented lesions end up excised [2, 17]. is procedure should be considered in these local findings: pain, swelling, recent growth, color changes, bleeding, and ulceration [2]
Summary
Oral melanocytic nevi (OMN) are rare, benign tumors of melanocytes [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. e pathogenesis and etiology of OMN are still poorly understood [1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 9]; the most consensual theory is that they arise from latent dendritic melanocytes, which remain trapped in the dermis, from the embryologic migration of melanoblasts, their precursors, and from the neural crest to the epidermis [1, 3, 4, 10,11,12]. Oral blue nevus has a prevalence of 0.1% in the general population, appears mainly from the third to the fifth decades, and women tend to be more affected than men [2, 4, 7, 14] It develops more frequently in the hard palate (69%), followed by the labial mucosa and vermillion border [1,2,3, 5,6,7, 14]. E lesion was fully excised with the histological diagnosis of “common blue nevus of the oral mucosa.” is case report presents a rare lesion of the oral cavity that has a risk of malignant transformation, highlighting the importance of the routine oral examination as a preventive approach E following case presents a 40-year-old male with an asymptomatic pigmented lesion located in the left hard palate, discovered during an emergency visit due to a dental abscess. e lesion was fully excised with the histological diagnosis of “common blue nevus of the oral mucosa.” is case report presents a rare lesion of the oral cavity that has a risk of malignant transformation, highlighting the importance of the routine oral examination as a preventive approach
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