BLUE CARBON IN NATIONAL POLICY TO REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS

Diah Apriani Atika Sari,Anti Mayastuti,Okid Parama Astirin,Anugrah Adiastuti

doi:10.20961/yustisia.v10i2.45217

Abstract

<em>Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions are the main cause of global warming and climate change. Indonesia as an archipelagic country experiences a significant negative impact as a result of climate change, such as sea level rise, sea water intrusion to the land, extreme weather, and rising sea and land temperatures. Tropical forests have been known as a major carbon emitter, but with the increasing rate of deforestation, it is necessary to find carbon sinks from ecosystems other than tropical forests. This study aimed to determine the extent to which blue carbon has been included in Indonesian Government policies, especially in the GHG inventory document and the Indonesian Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) document, related to the Government of Indonesia's commitment in reducing GHG emissions. The research showed that blue carbon ecosystems, which include mangroves, seagrass beds, and other coastal ecosystems, have enormous carbon sequestration potential when compared to tropical forests, but unfortunately, the potential of blue carbon has not been maximally utilized in national policies related to GHG emission reduction.</em> <em>The existing policies have not been implemented optimally and some of them overlap. In the future, accurate data updating and mapping of the blue carbon ecosystem is needed so that it can become a reference in determining national policies on the use of blue carbon</em>

Highlights

The global climate change issue is still a problem of concern for academics and bureaucrats to find solutions immediately
The research showed that blue carbon ecosystems, which include mangroves, seagrass beds, and other coastal ecosystems, have enormous carbon sequestration potential when compared to tropical forests, but the potential of blue carbon has not been maximally utilized in national policies related to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction
Research Methods This study aims to conduct a review of policies related to greenhouse gas emission reductions and blue carbon engagement policies in the GHG emission reduction efforts currently applied in Indonesia

Summary

Introduction

The global climate change issue is still a problem of concern for academics and bureaucrats to find solutions immediately. While the impacts that have a major influence on the survival of living things on a large scale and a longer period of time are chronic impacts of climate change, including: sea level rise, temperature rise, coral reef bleaching, ocean. According to a report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007), since 1850, the world’s highest temperature has been recorded in eleven of the last twelve years. Sea levels during the period 1961 to 2003 recorded an average increase of 1.8 mm per year. Sea surface temperature in 2018 rose to 0.33 ° +/− 0.05 ° C above the average temperature of 1981-2010. The sea level rise reached a new record in 2018, which is about 3.2 inches (8.1 cm) higher than the average in 1993. The average sea level rose about 1.2 inches (3.1 cm) per decade. (AMS, 2019)

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