Abstract
The German Blue Angel eco-label (Blauer Engel www.blauerengel.de, English and German information are available) established in 1978 is among the oldest so-called third-party voluntary “Seal of Approval” distinguishing environmentally improved products from ordinary ones. The following applications families are considered to be relevant for the non-impact printing industry: UZ 55: Reusable Toner Modules, UZ 62: Copiers, UZ 85: Printers and UZ 114: Multifunctional Devices. The basic requirements defined include the choice and labeling of material used in construction as well as noise development and power consumption during use. The award criteria were amended in January/February 2004 prohibiting not only the use of heavy metals, azo-dyes and other hazardous substances as evidenced by negative AMES test in toner, but also defining maximum limits for emissions from toner for the first time. Maximum emission levels were defined for volatile organic compounds, such as, in particular, benzene and styrene, for ozone and for dust.
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