Bloodstream infection as a predictor for mortality in severe burn patients: an 11-year study

Abstract

In this study we collected and analysed data of the severe burn patients at our institution over an 11-year period in order to shed light on the controversial role of bloodstream infection (BSI) as a predictive factor for mortality in this burn population. The factors examined were age, total body surface area, smoke inhalation, presence of BSI, and BSI with resistant bacteria. In total 1081 burn patients were hospitalized from 2001 to 2011, of whom 4% died. We focused here on 158 severe burn patients, 74 of whom developed BSI, and 35 who died. Using univariate analysis, it appeared that the BSI group had a threefold greater chance of mortality compared to the non-BSI group. Patients with a Ryan score 3 had a 100% chance of mortality and those with a score 0 had 0%. Thus, focusing only on Ryan score 1 and score 2 patients, BSI did not contribute to mortality, nor was it shown to contribute to mortality in a multivariate analysis in which the score and BSI were included together. When BSI did occur, it predicted longer hospitalization periods. We conclude that BSI predicts longer length of hospitalization stay but does not contribute to the prediction of mortality beyond that offered by the Ryan score in a severe burn population.