Blood urea nitrogen has a nonlinear association with 3-month outcomes with acute ischemic stroke: A second analysis based on a prospective cohort study

Abstract

BackgroundEvidence regarding the relationship between blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and 3-month outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients is still scarce. Therefore, the present study was preformed to explore the link between the BUN and 3-month poor outcomes in patients with AIS. MethodsA retrospective study of 1866 participants with AIS enrolled from January 2010 to December 2016 at a hospital in South Korea. Binary logistic regression, smooth curve fitting, and a set of sensitivity analyses were used to analyze the association between BUN and 3-month poor outcomes. ResultsAfter adjusting covariates, the results of the binary logistic regression model suggested that the relationship between the BUN and the risk of 3-month poor outcomes for AIS patients was not statistically significant. However, there was a special nonlinear relationship between them, and the inflection point of the BUN was 13mg/dl. On the left side of the inflection point, every unit increase in the BUN reduces the risk of 3-month poor outcomes by 14.1% (OR=0.859, 95%CI: 0.780-0.945, p = 0.0019). On the right side of the inflection point, the relationship is not statistically significant. ConclusionThere is a nonlinear relationship with saturation effect between BUN level and 3-month poor outcomes in AIS patients. Maintaining the BUN at around 13mg/dl can reduce the risk of 3-month poor outcome in AIS patients.