Abstract
Blood stream infections.
Highlights
Among the bacterial causes of Blood stream infection (BSI), Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococci, and Enterococcus faecalis are the commonest among Gram positive organisms; Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Serratia spp are the commonest among Enterobacteriaceae; and Pseudomonas spp and Acinetobacter baumannii are the commonest amongst the nonfermenter Gram negative organisms [2, 5]
Advances in medical science have resulted in increased interventions in critically ill patients creating foci from where bacteria can gain access to the blood stream resulting in an increase nosocomial BSI
Among the bacterial causes of BSI, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococci, and Enterococcus faecalis are the commonest among Gram positive organisms; Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Serratia spp are the commonest among Enterobacteriaceae; and Pseudomonas spp and Acinetobacter baumannii are the commonest amongst the nonfermenter Gram negative organisms [2, 5]
Summary
Among the bacterial causes of BSI, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococci, and Enterococcus faecalis are the commonest among Gram positive organisms; Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Serratia spp are the commonest among Enterobacteriaceae; and Pseudomonas spp and Acinetobacter baumannii are the commonest amongst the nonfermenter Gram negative organisms [2, 5]. Advances in medical science have resulted in increased interventions in critically ill patients creating foci from where bacteria can gain access to the blood stream resulting in an increase nosocomial BSI. Organisms vary with several factors such as (i) type of health-care facility involved, (ii) presence of a central venous/arterial catheter, (iii) type of catheter used, (iv) duration of catheterization, (v) prevalent organisms in the center, (vi) immune status of the host, (vii) underlying comorbidities, (viii) level of preventive and barrier precautions undertaken, and (ix) initial antimicrobial therapy [1, 7].
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