Abstract
insult using the EIM model left an anatomic channel that allowed room for the second insult as confirmed by duplex imaging. Compared with sham control, recurrent groups produce a clot that integrates itself into the vein wall, producing heavier IVC walls. Recurrent groups also have higher levels of fibrin, transforming growth factor-b, elastin, MMP-9, and MMP-2 gene expression in the IVC wall (Table). Conclusions: We successfully produced recurrent thrombi in all primarily thrombosed IVC. Experimental recurrent thrombi are structurally and compositionally different from the primary DVT, with a greater profibrotic remodeling vein wall profile. This work provides a novel DVT recurrence model in the IVC that will help improve the current understanding of the biologic mechanisms and directed treatment of recurrent DVT.
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