BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT AMONG PATIENTS WITH PERIPARTUM CARDIOMYOPATHY; CONTROL AND BARRIERS DURING FOLLOW UP

Abstract

Objective: To identify the frequency of blood pressure (BP) control among patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM), barriers for follow up, and causes for elevation of BP. Design and method: Data about BP values, control, follow up, and treatment were prospectively documented for patients with PPCM who were presented to the cardio-maternal unit between 2015 - 2020. Baseline BP values were compared with the second readings between six months to one year postpartum. Adherence to medication and identifying the causes of elevated BP were reported. Results: Among 64 patients with PPCM presented to the unit, loss of follow up reported in 59.4% of patients; 60.5% for unknown cause, 21.1% due to COVID-19 pandemic, and 18.4 due to death. For 26 (40.6%) patients who adhered to follow up, the mean age was (32.5 ± 7), 61.5% patients had normal BP at baseline and during follow up, while 38.5% of them had elevated BP at baseline or during follow up (cutoff 140/90); 30% showed reduced BP to normal values comparing to their baseline measurements, and 70% developed increased in BP values during follow up (Table 1). All patients with increased BP measurements during follow up had hypertension associated with pregnancy, however, only 28.6% of them had known history of hypertension before pregnancy. Most common anti-hypertensive drug used post delivery was angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors 77%. Causes for increased BP measurements during follow up were obesity 57.1%, stress 28.6%, and use of oral contraceptive pills 14.3%. Conclusions: Among patients with PPCM with elevated BP at baseline, control of BP was reported in less than one-third of the patients. However, data for more than half of the patients was missing due to loss of follow up which is related to COVID-19 pandemic or mortality, but for the majority of patients the cause was unknown. Factors associated with elevated BP were obesity, stress, and use of oral contraceptive pills. Therefore, future enhancement in patient education regarding the importance of follow up and life style modifications is essential for better BP control among patients with PPCM.