Blood Pressure Elevation in Long-Term Survivors of Pediatric Liver Transplantation

Abstract

As pediatric liver transplant (LT) recipients come of age, additional insight into long-term medical complications of immunosuppression is warranted. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of elevated blood pressure (BP) in long-term survivors of pediatric LT using the data from the Studies in Pediatric Liver Transplantation (SPLIT) database and to identify predictive factors. Patients enrolled in the BP arm of the SPLIT cohort participated in the study. All patients were of at least 5 years but ≤10 years post-LT. Automated BP measurements were obtained at anniversary visits. BP measures were classified as normal, borderline or elevated according to standard criteria. Patients taking antihypertensive medications were classified as "elevated." Eight hundred and fifteen patients participated. The prevalence of elevated BP measurements 5 to 10 years post-LT was 17.5 to 27.5%. Of total 62.5% patients presented with at least one additional elevated BP at a later follow up visit. Multivariate analysis revealed the following parameters to be predictive of elevated BP: age at transplant, steroid use at last BP measurement and cGFR at last BP measurement. Pediatric LT patients show a high prevalence of elevated BP measurements 5 to 10 years following LT, which is related to age at LT, decreased cGFR and recent steroid use.