Blood pressure effects of long-term stimulant use in disorders of hypersomnolence.

Abstract

Untoward cardiovascular effects have been implicated as a deterrent to long-term central nervous system (CNS) stimulant use in disorders of hypersomnolence. In this study, we reviewed the relationship between blood pressure and long-term stimulant use. Medical records of 54 patients with narcolepsy and idiopathic CNS hypersomnolence (ICH) were reviewed. The overall mean number of months of follow-up for the entire group was 45.6 (95% CI: 42-49). Both simple linear regression and multiple regression utilizing generalized estimating equations were used to show relationships between blood pressure (BP), time and other covariates. In the simple linear regression model, the average slope of the line of systolic BP (SBP) on time for the entire group was 0.06 (95% CI: -0.09, 0.13) and the line of diastolic BP (DBP) on time was 0.01 (95% CI: -0.05, 0.07). Two multiple regression equations were fitted for the continuous response variables SBP and DBP. Covariates in the model included: time, hypertension, weight at baseline, weight, SBP baseline (SBPBL), DBP baseline (DBPBL), high vs. low dose stimulant therapy and age at starting treatment. For SBP, the covariates weight at baseline, weight and SBPBL were significant (P < 0.05) predictors. For DBP, covariates reaching statistical significance (P < 0.05) included weight and DBPBL. There was no significant change in SBP or DBP over time in either model. Two different statistical models support the conclusion that there was no significant change in SBP or DBP over time in this population.