BLOOD PRESSURE AND OTHER CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION UNDER 50 YEARS OF AGE

Abstract

Objective: Arterial hypertension is the main risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases throughout the world. The prevalence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is increasing in young adults, especially men. Previous studies have identified that risk factors for AMI included tobacco use, obesity, arterial hypertension, and diabetes may be crucial to young individuals. Compared to the elderly, the risk factors are not well studied among the young patients with AMI. Design and method: We enrolled to our study 41 patients younger than 50 years (thirty-six men) admitted to the Department of Internal I - Cardiology, University Hospital Olomouc, with first episode AMI. We collected detailed information regarding family history of premature CVD (MI/ischaemic stroke in men aged < 55 and in women aged < 65 years, body mass index (BMI), smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus (DM). Hypertension was defined, according to ESH/ESC (European Society of Hypertension, European Society of Cardiology) guidelines, based on repeated blood pressure measurements, medical history and ongoing blood-pressure-lowering treatment. Results: Among 41 young patients with AMI (average 46 ± 3,4 years old), 15 patients (36,6%) had a known diagnosis of arterial hypertension prior to admisison. Mean level of systolic blood at admission were 128,6 ± 18,22 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure 81,35 ± 12,49 mmHg, mean heart rate was 76,32 ± 13,11 bpm. Uncontrolled arterial hypertension was diagnosed at admision in 6 patients, newly diagnosed hypertension in 4 patients. In our group, we diagnosed ST-elevation MI (STEMI) in 54 % of patients, NSTEMI in 46%. Mean level of TRPI was 24051,43 ± 32860,98 ng/l, NTproBNP was 731,1 ± 1019,92 pg/ml. Mean LDL-cholesterol was 3,26 ± 0,83 mmol/l. We newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus in 2 patients, mean HbA1c was 38,42 ± 9,43 (mmol/mol). Conclusions: In our group of young patients with myocardial infarction was prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension 17%. Compared to a group of healthy patients (data from literature), we found out a higher prevalence of arterial hypertension in our group.