Abstract
Bioimpedance measurement is gaining importance in wide field of bioresearch and biomedical systems due to its noninvasive nature. Noninvasive measurement method is very important to decrease infection and physical injuries which result due to invasive measurement. This paper presents basic principle of bioimpedance along with its application for blood glucose analysis and effect of frequency on impedance measurement. Input from bioimpedance sensor is given to amplifier and signal conditioner AD5933. AD5933 is then interfaced with microcontroller LPC1768 using I2C bus for displaying reading on LCD. Results can also be stored in database using UART interface of LPC1768.
Highlights
Impedance of any material can be defined as the opposition offered by material to the electric current flowing through it
When electricity is passed through body, two types of resistances that is capacitive R and resistive R are offered by body, where capacitance arises due to cellular membrane and resistance arises due to body water
Current can flow through both intra- and extracellular water which means that it can penetrate the cellular membrane while at low frequency current cannot penetrate cellular membrane so it flows only through extracellular fluid
Summary
Impedance of any material can be defined as the opposition offered by material to the electric current flowing through it It can be formulated as the frequency domain ratio of voltage to current. The main drawback of radio wave transmission is the requirement of high frequencies which helps to minimize influence of the skin and to improve the accuracy of measurement results [3]. Another glucometer based on photoplethysmography method uses principle of infrared absorption measurement. System is the design of interdigital electrode sensor which is complicated and very expensive; the sensor impedance depends on frequency so it is not convenient to use this parameter for blood glucose level estimation. We have discussed blood glucose measurement system which is more accurate and less expensive as it is using AgCl electrodes [2]
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