Abstract
In order to solve the problem that most of the existing blockchain-based searchable encryption schemes only support exact keyword search and mutual distrust between the cloud server and the user, a searchable encryption scheme based on blockchain, that has functions such as file update dynamically, search results verification, fuzzy keyword search, and fair payment, is proposed. We use edit distance to generate the fuzzy keywords set. According to the un-modification characteristic of Ethereum blockchain and the security of the RSA accumulator, our scheme can verify the search results by the smart contract and realize the service-payment fairness between the user and the cloud server. The security analysis shows that the proposed scheme achieves non-adaptive semantic security. Performance analysis and experiment show that our scheme is efficient and meets the demand of search application in the cloud environment.
Highlights
As an emerging storage model, cloud storage has the feature of pay-per-use, so the cloud server provides its service to the user who is pleasure to pay a certain service fee
Definition 1: A dynamic and verifiable fuzzy keyword searchable encryption scheme based on blockchain consists of eight probabilistic polynomial-time algorithms
RELIABILITY DEFINITION Definition 3: Let π denote a dynamic and verifiable fuzzy keyword searchable encryption scheme based on blockchain and A is an arbitrary Probability Polynomial Time (PPT) adversary
Summary
As an emerging storage model, cloud storage has the feature of pay-per-use, so the cloud server provides its service to the user who is pleasure to pay a certain service fee. Zhang et al [28] proposed a blockchain-based outsourcing service fair payment framework named BCPay in the cloud computing environment, and applied the BCPay in a searchable encryption scheme, which used the Bitcoin-timing commitment scheme to realize the fairness of the search service and ensure that the honest participants who were in legal behavior could obtain search results and service fee without needing a trusted third party. By removing the cloud server and using a smart contract to store secure index and perform the search, their scheme solved the problem of incorrect results returned by the cloud server and realized the fair keyword retrieval function on the encrypted data. The blockchain-based searchable encryption scheme needs to support fuzzy keyword search, i.e., the user inputs a misspelled keyword, the server should return the matched documents which are as close as possible to the user’s interest.
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