Blockchain-Enabled Fine-Grained Searchable Encryption With Cloud–Edge Computing for Electronic Health Records Sharing

Abstract

The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) with cloud-edge computing in cyber-physical systems has revolutionized the way healthcare enterprises manage electronic health records (EHRs). With more healthcare enterprises outsourcing encrypted EHRs to the cloud, searchable encryption is utilized to retrieve encrypted data, especially attribute-based searchable encryption (ABSE) can achieve fine-grained access control. However, ABSE usually requires a lot of computation, which imposes a serious burden on resource-limited devices. Moreover, ensuring fairness in data access is crucial in the healthcare domain, where both data users and owners may have conflicting interests. In order to overcome these problems, this paper proposes a searchable encryption scheme with fine-grained access control for cloud-based EHRs sharing assisted by blockchain. It transfers computing tasks to edge servers and enables users to control who has access to their EHRs. The adoption of blockchain and smart contracts guarantees data integrity and transaction fairness. Moreover, a consensus algorithm is designed for the higher efficiency of the proposed scheme. Finally, security analysis proves the proposed scheme resists adaptive chosen keyword attacks (CKA). Performance analysis further confirms it has more functionalities and is efficient for smart healthcare.