Blockchain-based Secure Routing Algorithm with Accumulating Trust in VANETs

Abstract

The popularity of vehicles and the upgrading of sensors are driving the development of the Internet of Vehicles. Therefore, a number of Vehicular Adhoc networks (VANETs) routing algorithms have emerged. However, vehicles in complex road environments are exposed to numerous malicious attacks. Especially in multi-hop communications, these malicious attacks become more dangerous. So it remains a great challenge to transmit the packet safely to the destination through multi-hop routing when a vehicle is in the area outside the Road Side Unit (RSU) signal coverage. Considering the process of past communication between the vehicles benefits our assessment of the vehicle's security. In this paper, we propose a secure multi-hop routing algorithm based on accumulating trust. First, we obtain the number of times the vehicle forwards the packets through neighbor nodes. Then, we calculate the current trust value of the vehicle based on it, and RSUs will put the current trust value into the blockchain to form an accumulating trust value. Finally, the appropriate route is selected for communication based on the accumulating trust value of the vehicular nodes. At the end of the paper, we carry out a simple numerical simulation for our routing algorithm.