Abstract
Document verification is a complex domain that involves various challenging and tedious processes to authenticate. Moreover various types of documents for instance banking documents, government documents, transaction documents, educational certificates etc. might involve customized verification and authentication practices. The content for each type vary significantly, hence requires to be dealt in a distinct manner. For students, educational certificates are the most important documents issued by their universities. However, as the issuing process is not that transparent and verifiable, fake certificates can be easily created. A skilfully generated fake certificate is always hard to detect and can be treated as the original. With the increase of forged documents, credibility of both the document holder and the issuing authority is jeopardized. Blockchain technology has recently emerged as a potential mean for authenticating the document verification process and a significant tool to combat document fraud and misuse. This research aimed to enhance the document verification process using blockchain technology. In this research, authors have identified the security themes required for document verification in the blockchain. This research also identifies the gaps and loopholes in the current blockchain based educational certificate verification solutions. At the end, a blockchain based framework for verifying educational certificates focusing on themes including authentication, authorization, confidentiality, privacy and ownership is proposed using the Hyperledger Fabric Framework.
Highlights
According to [1], academic certificates are highly esteemed as they serve as an indicator of the human capital of their bearers
Because they are so valuable, people often lie about their academic qualifications by producing fake certificates. [6] mentioned that in the United States there are currently 2 million fake degree certificates in circulation and 300 unauthorized universities operating. [7] indicated that the United Sates has the highest number of fake institutions in the world followed by the United Kingdom which has about 270 fake institutes
A blockchain-based framework for educational certificate verification focusing on specific themes is proposed based on Hyperledger Fabric Framework
Summary
According to [1], academic certificates are highly esteemed as they serve as an indicator of the human capital of their bearers. MIT Media lab uses Blockcerts to issue digital certificates to groups of students to provide more control to recipients over certificates earned by them In this initiative, the recipients may not depend on a third party intermediary to store, verify and validate credentials. The theme of privacy is not completely fulfilled In another initiative, an open standard named Blockcerts is used to build apps to verify blockchain based academic credentials, professional certificates, and so on. In the case of MIT solution, the authentication of the education certificate is handled by the use of public/private key pairs. This research aimed to close the mentioned gaps by proposing a blockchain based framework for the academic certificates verification focusing on authentication, authorization, confidentiality, privacy, and ownership themes. A channel will include the owner, the issuer, and the verifier to enable a transparent flow of data between them pertaining to a particular product
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