Abstract
A distinct Bloch nose was demonstrated in the current–voltage characteristics of a one-dimensional array of 20 small Josephson junctions. Arrays of direct-current superconducting quantum interference device (dc-SQUID) structures were used as leads to the array of junctions, and the environmental impedance was tuned with a magnetic field. The observed Bloch nose had a negative differential resistance of its magnitude of as large as 14.3 MΩ, a blockade voltage of 0.36 mV, and a decrease in voltage of 0.21 mV due to the Bloch oscillation, all of which are larger than those obtained in a single junction by more than one order. The observed Bloch oscillation was quantitatively described on the basis of the Bloch oscillation of each single junction in combination with the charge soliton model in a long array. Unexpected constant-current spikes, whose origin lay in the dc-SQUID in the leads, were also observed to be superposed on the current–voltage characteristics when the Coulomb blockade appeared.
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