Abstract
In microscopy, laboratory tests make use of cell counters or flow cytometers to perform tests on blood cells, like the complete blood count, rapidly. However, a manual blood smear examination is still needed to verify the counter results and to monitor patients under therapy. Moreover, the manual inspection permits the description of the cells’ appearance, as well as any abnormalities. Unfortunately, manual analysis is long and tedious, and its result can be subjective and error-prone. Nevertheless, using image processing techniques, it is possible to automate the entire workflow, both reducing the operators’ workload and improving the diagnosis results. In this paper, we propose a novel method for recognizing white blood cells from microscopic blood images and classify them as healthy or affected by leukemia. The presented system is tested on public datasets for leukemia detection, the SMC-IDB, the IUMS-IDB, and the ALL-IDB. The results are promising, achieving 100% accuracy for the first two datasets and 99.7% for the ALL-IDB in white cells detection and 94.1% in leukemia classification, outperforming the state-of-the-art.
Highlights
Among medicine’s branches, hematology studies the diagnosis and treatment of patients with blood or bone marrow disorders
All the modules of the proposed system for leukocyte detection and classification were implemented in MATLAB
The Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)-IDB database is composed of two versions: ALL-IDB1 and ALL-IDB2, and its images are in JPG format with 24 bit color depth
Summary
Among medicine’s branches, hematology studies the diagnosis and treatment of patients with blood or bone marrow disorders. Hematologists perform a wide range of laboratory tests to produce and interpret results assisting clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. They are related to the blood and the bone marrow to provide direct clinical care to patients. Diseases, disorders, or deficiencies can induce the bone marrow to release immature or abnormal cells into the bloodstream, affecting the number and type of blood cells produced, their functions, and their lifespan. Automatic cell counters or flow cytometry are examples of quick methods to perform CBC automatically If they indicate the certain or possible presence of abnormal cells, hematologists realize a blood smear in order to analyze this manually in any case.
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