Abstract
This article aims to examine and provide an explanation of the blended learning model in vocational education. The method used is a meta-analysis method. All data contained in published studies were all used. Sampling suitable for meta-analysis using surveys, laboratory experiments and field studies is based on the results of literature studies from pre-existing research, covering 45 publications, through studies of scientific sources, indexed international journals and relevant books, and also from several findings. Based on the research results, blended learning is a learning process that combines face-to-face learning and online learning. Before implementing blended learning in vocational education, things that need to be considered first for the implementation of blended learning are the normal development of the blended learning model, application of topology, and also knowing the characteristics of the institution. Particularly in the field of vocational, one must be able to adapt to vocational education, infrastructure, technology, learning, pedagogical principles, activity assessment, baiting processes, interactions, resources, activities, infrastructure, culture, management and organization, ethics, etc. Furthermore, it is also necessary to make the blended learning stage more systematic, starting from the stage of creating conditions for success, planning, implementing, and improving with the sub-stages. There were four blended learning models to choose from, namely the rotation model (consisting of rotation model, lab rotation, and flipped individual classroom rotation), flex model, self-blend model, and enriched-virtual model.
Highlights
The development of digital technology creates one innovation in learning models that can occur both online and offline
Teachers who are involved in mixed learning processes in vocational education, tend to adopt different approaches to teaching as well as mixed learning designs [3]
The results showed that vocational students and teachers agreed that there must be a development of critical thinking skills, learning achievement, and learning management in vocational education [19]
Summary
The development of digital technology creates one innovation in learning models that can occur both online and offline (known as blended learning). Blended learning is a formal education program through the delivery of content and instruction through digital and online media that control elements of students over time, place, and speed [1][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. Many universities implement a mixed learning process because it can promote effective learning and successfully integrate online and offline classes for adult students [2]. Teachers who are involved in mixed learning processes in vocational education, tend to adopt different approaches to teaching as well as mixed learning designs [3]. Blended models can improve student’s performance in vocational education and lead to more effective learning. The blended learning model gives teachers more time in learning activities that involve students in improving their abilities
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