Abstract
In order to reduce the risk of induced seismicity related to underground mining, a number of preventive actions are applied in the form of passive and active prevention methods. The former are mainly of an organisational nature and their effectiveness is usually considered in the long term, while the active methods are mostly based on the detonation of explosives and are aimed to release the seismic energy accumulated in the rock mass. In this paper, modifications of the firing pattern aimed to concentrate the paraseismic vibrations while maintaining the appropriate excavation of the mining face has been verified on the basis of underground tests. The evaluation was based on fragmentation analysis. The obtained results confirmed, that the blasting pattern modifications related to the reducing of the face firing time do not cause significant differences in terms of the appropriate excavation of the mining face.
Highlights
Extraction of mineral deposits in underground mines is carried out at increasingly greater depths, which very often exceed 1,000 m below the surface
Depending on the form of the deposit and the adopted mining technology, active methods of seismic event prevention with the use of explosives may be applied as an element of the mining process itself, or as an independent process aimed at the rockburst prevention only
In mines where explosives are used directly for deposit extraction, active rockburst prevention can be achieved both in the form of specialized works aimed to release the seismic energy accumulated in the rock mass manifested as a seismic event, or by applying of modified production drilling and firing patterns
Summary
Extraction of mineral deposits in underground mines is carried out at increasingly greater depths, which very often exceed 1,000 m below the surface. One of the most hazardous phenomena related to underground mining is the uncontrolled movement of rocks into the workings This may include both the falling of rocks from the roof, as well as dynamic rock ejection into the workings resulting from rockburst. Such hazards occur frequently in mining worldwide and entail great risks for the personnel located in their impact zone [1,2,3,4,5]. Depending on the form of the deposit and the adopted mining technology, active methods of seismic event prevention with the use of explosives may be applied as an element of the mining process itself, or as an independent process aimed at the rockburst prevention only
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