Abstract
The circadian clock programs daily rhythms and coordinates multiple behavioural processes, including micturition. Partial bladder outlet obstruction (pBOO) in mice produces hyperactive voiding. However, long-term effects of pBOO on bladder function have not been clarified. In this study, we investigated micturition under conditions of impaired circadian bladder function by inducing long-term pBOO by tying the proximal urethra. Micturition behavior was evaluated at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. We used automated voided stain on paper method for a precise micturition recording for mice. And quantitative assessment of gene expression was performed at 24 months after pBOO surgery using qRT-PCR procedure. The micturition frequencies in the pBOO group were significantly decreased at 3, 6, and 12 months compared to those at 1 month after operation in the same group (p < 0.05). Body weight of pBOO mice was significantly increased compared to sham operated mice at 12 months. The expression level of mRNA was exhibited a 3.4-fold nominal increased for a 5-HT2B receptor in the pBOO group compared to the sham group. The current study found that long-term pBOO led to disruption of the circadian bladder function (the day/night cycle) in mice, similar to those observed in human as nocturia. This disruption is possible involvement of the gain of body weight and/or serotonergic alteration after pBOO.
Highlights
In men as a result of benign prostatic enlargement bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is one of the most common causes of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)
There was a tendency for the increase in the body weight of Partial BOO (pBOO) mice compared to sham operated mice (27.4 g vs. 24.6 g in median) at 6 months after pBOO procedure
Previous studies have reported that animals with pBOO showed various changes in the lower urinary tract functions
Summary
In men as a result of benign prostatic enlargement bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is one of the most common causes of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Partial BOO (pBOO) significantly alters bladder morphology and function. There is very little information about the micturition behaviour as circadian bladder function in animal model. Previous studies have shown that pBOO induces non-voiding contraction and shortening of inter-contraction interval in urinary bladder in animals[3,4]. PBOO leads to several morphological and functional changes in afferent pathways as well as in the bladder. To empty partial obstructed-bladder, pBOO produces compensate hypertrophy of detrusor, which causes gain of the thickness and weight of the bladder w all[5,6]. The endogenous circadian clocks adapt daily rhythms and coordinate multiple behavioural and physiological processes, including micturition. Localization of mice bladder clocks controlling urination behaviour has been r eported[10]
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