Black widow spiders: An outline of diversity

Abstract

ABSTRACT Black widow spiders (Latrodectusspecies, Theridiidae), elicit fear, and fear is probably justified. Many deaths have been attributed to these spiders in the past, but antivenins have dropped the death rate substantially. Most bites are accidental, as when workers pick up the spiders while harvesting crops such as grapes. Persons who are bitten should seek medical attention at once. The intricate webs and potent venom of black widow spiders are primarily food-getting devices. The taxonomy of these spiders needs refining, and the exact number of species around the world (approximately 30) remains uncertain.