Abstract
In this article, the parameters of the proportional-integral (PI) controller of the wind turbine (WT) emulator, i.e., proportional and integral gain of the PI controller, are optimized using a black widow optimization algorithm (BWOA). The proposed system is developed and analyzed using MATLAB/Simulink environment. The performance of the BWOA optimized PI controller is compared with a BAT algorithm, particle swarm optimization, and genetic algorithm optimized PI controller to measure the effectiveness of the proposed control system. The developed system is tested for different operating conditions such as static wind speed settings, static pitch angle conditions, step-change in wind speed settings, and step-change in pitch angle settings. Finally, the proposed system is realized in real-time by hardware experimentations. The results of the experimentation are compared with simulation results as well. The presented simulation and hardware result shows good agreement, which confirms the effectiveness of the proposed method. Thereby, the proposed optimization-based PI-controlled wind emulator can be recommended for emulating the characteristics of any type of WT with a low-cost system.
Highlights
Wind power generation, integration, and control have gained more attention among researchers globally to achieve global energy sustainability [1]
The simulation result of genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), BAT, and black widow optimization algorithm (BWOA) algorithm optimized PI controlled DC–DC buck converter fed permanent magnet direct current motor (PMDC) motor based wind turbine (WT) emulator is tested with different operating conditions such as WT emulator power-speed characteristics for static wind profile settings, WT emulator power-speed characteristics for static pitch angle settings, step-change in wind profile settings and step-change pitch angle settings
Wind speed profile set at 12 m/s, 10.8 m/s, 9.6 m/s, 8.4 m/s, 7.2 m/s, and 6 m/s in wind reference models with a pitch angle maintained at 0◦
Summary
Integration, and control have gained more attention among researchers globally to achieve global energy sustainability [1]. The digital signal processor was used to implement the separately excited direct current motor-based WT emulator’s proportional-integral control logic. The WT reference model generates the reference command based on wind velocity and speed of the motor. The WT reference model was generating the reference command based on the following parameters: the speed of the motor, wind velocity, and pitch angle. The WT reference torque was generated based on the DC motor’s rotor speed, wind velocity, and pitch angle. The WT reference model generates the command current signal based on wind, DC motor speed, and pitch angle. PI current control logic of the WT emulator was implemented in the FPGA hardware control board, and it has been employed for the DC motor control.
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