Abstract

Hypertension, causing cardiovascular disease, stroke, and heart failure, has been a rising health issue worldwide. Black soybeans and adzuki beans have been widely consumed throughout history due to various bioactive components. We evaluated the antihypertensive effects of black soybean and adzuki bean ethanol extracts on blood pressure, renin-angiotensin system (RAS), and aortic lesion in spontaneously hypertensive rats. A group of WKY (normal) and six groups of spontaneously hypertensive rats were administered with saline (SHR), 50 mg/kg of captopril (CAP), 250 and 500 mg/kg of black soybean extracts (BE250 and BE500), 250 and 500 mg/kg of adzuki bean extracts (AE250 and AE500) for eight weeks. BE250, BE500, AE250, and AE500 significantly (p < 0.05) reduced relative liver weight, AST, ALT, triglyceride, total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, and angiotensin-converting-enzyme level compared to SHR. The angiotensin II level in AE500 and renin mRNA expression in BE500 and AE500 were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased compared to SHR. The lumen diameter was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in only CAP. Furthermore, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and angiotensin II level in AE500 were lower than those of BE500. These results suggest that AE exhibit more antihypertensive potential than BE in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Highlights

  • Hypertension, defined as increased systolic blood pressure (≥140 mmHg) and/or diastolic blood pressure (≥90 mmHg) (WHO), is a global health issue [1,2]

  • The body weight of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was significantly lowered compared to Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) (p < 0.05)

  • The current work demonstrated that oral administration of black soybean extracts and adzuki bean extracts in SHR remarkably rescued systolic blood pressure

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Summary

Introduction

Hypertension, defined as increased systolic blood pressure (≥140 mmHg) and/or diastolic blood pressure (≥90 mmHg) (WHO), is a global health issue [1,2]. The prevalence of hypertension was estimated at 1.13 billion adults in 2015 [3]; such prevalence is consistently rising. Underlying this epidemic is the rapidly aging population and indiscriminate eating habits [4]. The rising prevalence of hypertension increases mortality from conditions such as cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney failure, and dementia. Hypertension threatens public health, degrading the quality of individual life [6]

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