Abstract
The reducing capability of two-dimensional black phosphorus is demonstrated. The high reducing ability and unique two-dimensional morphology of black phosphorus not only facilitate in situ synthesis of Au nanoparticles and BP@Au composites, but also enable multiscale control of local reduction of GO to reduced GO (rGO). The novel two-dimensional reductant has large potential in various in situ nanofabrication applications.
Highlights
IntroductionTwo-dimensional (2D) materials with an ultrathin layered structure have many unique properties and applications.[1, 2] For instance, graphene boasting good optoelectronic characteristics and high mechanical strength has large potential in energy conversion and storage[3,4,5] and transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with unique semiconducting properties are attractive to scalable digital field-effect transistors.[6,7,8] the chemical reactivity of 2D materials such as graphene oxide (GO) and TMDs has raised concerns and novel templates have been proposed to fabricate functional composites.[9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]Black phosphorus (BP) has emerged to be an exciting member of the 2D family.[18, 19] BP has strong in-plane bonds in conjunction with weak van der Waals interlayer interactions thereby enabling exfoliation into few-layer BP sheets or phosphorene (single-layer BP).[20,21,22,23,24] Since 2014, BP has attracted tremendous research interest[25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38] because of its unique properties such as layerdependent direct bandgap,[28, 39] anisotropy,[25, 26, 31, 32, 34, 40] hingelike structure,[41] and quasi-one-dimensional excitonicnature,[42] all of which contrast markedly with those of other types of 2D materials
The Black phosphorus (BP) sheets are synthesized by a modified N-methyl-2pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent exfoliation method reported by our group previously.[24]
The precipitate collected by centrifugation at 7000 rpm is re-dispersed in NMP and the sheets labelled as BP4000 are obtained from the supernatant after centrifugation at 4000 rpm
Summary
Two-dimensional (2D) materials with an ultrathin layered structure have many unique properties and applications.[1, 2] For instance, graphene boasting good optoelectronic characteristics and high mechanical strength has large potential in energy conversion and storage[3,4,5] and transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with unique semiconducting properties are attractive to scalable digital field-effect transistors.[6,7,8] the chemical reactivity of 2D materials such as graphene oxide (GO) and TMDs has raised concerns and novel templates have been proposed to fabricate functional composites.[9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]Black phosphorus (BP) has emerged to be an exciting member of the 2D family.[18, 19] BP has strong in-plane bonds in conjunction with weak van der Waals interlayer interactions thereby enabling exfoliation into few-layer BP sheets or phosphorene (single-layer BP).[20,21,22,23,24] Since 2014, BP has attracted tremendous research interest[25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38] because of its unique properties such as layerdependent direct bandgap,[28, 39] anisotropy,[25, 26, 31, 32, 34, 40] hingelike structure,[41] and quasi-one-dimensional excitonicnature,[42] all of which contrast markedly with those of other types of 2D materials. We demonstrate that BP sheets serve as a reductant in the synthesis of Au nanoparticles and BP@Au composites and provide multiscale control of local GO reduction. This new application enables fabrication of various functional composites comprising 2D materials, and extends the application of 2D materials to new areas
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