Black holes with a cosmological constant in bumblebee gravity

Abstract

In this work, we present black hole solutions with a cosmological constant in bumblebee gravity, which provides a mechanism for the Lorentz symmetry violation by assuming a nonzero vacuum expectation value for the bumblebee field. From the gravitational point of view, such solutions are spherically symmetric black holes with an effective cosmological constant and are supported by an anisotropic energy-momentum tensor, conceived of as the manifestation of the bumblebee field in the spacetime geometry. Then we calculate the shadow angular radius for the proposed black hole solution with a positive effective cosmological constant. In particular, our results are the very first relation between the bumblebee field and the shadow angular size.