Abstract
The Conopophagidae family has only one report of predation of small vertebrates, being an anuran observed for the genus Conopophaga. Here, we present a record of predation on a small anuran amphibian by Conopophaga melanops. The record was made in 2008 in a Southeast Brazil. A recently dead individual of Fritziana mitus, with several lesions on its body, was observed next to an adult female of C. melanops captured in a mist net. We found only two records of predation of small vertebrates by C. melanops, being an anuran and a lizard. The three available records occurred during the reproductive period of C. melanops, indicating that the prey may serve as a resource to feed the young. This type of behavior, as well as the predator-prey relationship, should be better investigated in the field, especially in the Atlantic Forest, region with a high bird and frog diversity.
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