Abstract
In the context of large-scale selection and the widespread use of methods of initial genomic evaluation of stud bulls, a careful selection of breeding pairs is of particular importance when it is necessary to consolidate animals in dairy herds according to the traits of conformation, body composition and dairy type intensity. The method of linear evaluation of physique features, adopted in Russia, coincides with the standard method system approved by the ICAR in the main approaches and characteristics. According to the results of a linear evaluation of bulls used in a herd of black-and-white cattle, it was found that the average score on the main parameters of the conformation for technologically significant traits (dairy type intensity, the condition of the animal’s limbs) has been within 5.00…5.90 (points). At the same time, the traits that characterize the main parameters of the udder of cows, depth and breadth measurements, need to be improved. Based on the results of evaluating the prepotent properties of the bulls by linear traits, the optimal structure of the dairy herd has been determined, in accordance with the presence of the main lines in the Holstein breed.
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