Bizygomatic Distance and Maxillary Sinus Dimensions as Predictors for Age Estimation: A Morphometric Analysis using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Abstract

Aims: Aim of the study was to estimate, compare and differentiate the anatomical variations according to ageing in the bizygomatic distance and dimensions of maxillary sinuses on Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images and to assess their authenticity in age estimation that might be used as an evidence in forensics. Settings and Design: CBCT images of bilateral maxillary sinus were obtained from 30 subjects, categorized into 3 groups of age ranging between 20-40, 41-50, 51-60 years. Methods and Material: Measurements such as bizygomatic distance and maxillary sinus dimensions namely length, height, width, area, perimeter and volume were evaluated. Statistical Analysis Used: The data was subjected to descriptive statistical analysis followed by Chi-square test, One way ANOVA, regression ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation and Post-Hoc test. Results: The study showed a difference among mean values of different age groups but was statistically non significant. As age increased the left width, mean width of right and left maxillary sinus, left area, left perimeter, left volume and right and left mean volume of maxillary sinus decreased linearly and significantly with significant P values. The regression ANOVA revealed that volume is the true predictor of age of the subjects. Conclusion: Age estimation with few linear measurements of maxillary sinus dimensions was possible among the study population. It was found that as the age increased few of the maxillary sinus dimensions decreased. Hence this study positively recommends the use of maxillary sinus dimensions for the purpose of age estimation in the field of forensics.