Bit weight-aware high-fidelity digital RoF fronthaul based on dual-drive MZM and chirp-dispersion Interaction

Abstract

Digital radio-over-fiber (D-RoF) quantizes the wireless waveform to improve the noise tolerance in fronthaul links. Unlike conventional data transmission, the quantization bits exhibit different weights, offering a new strategy to protect the high-weight bits. By introducing a dual-drive MZM (DD-MZM)-based optical transmitter, the interaction between frequency chirp and chromatic dispersion (CD) results in eye closure/open. Such an effect would potentially achieve higher fidelity of the reconstructed wireless signal in the SNR-limited region. In this paper, we first establish a theoretical model for chirp and dispersion-induced eye closure/open, characterizing the influence of fiber length and baud rate on the constellation interval. We then propose two protection schemes for 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4), in which the high- and low-weight bits are interleaved and loaded onto the upper or lower arms of DD-MZM to leverage the negative or positive chirp. Furthermore, we extend to high-order modulation formats and propose two uneven optical PAM-8 schemes with different frequency chirps, which protect one or two of the three bits in each PAM-8 symbol, respectively. The chirp-dispersion interaction-enabled uneven optical PAM-4/8 schemes are experimentally demonstrated in intensity modulation and direct detection (IM-DD) D-RoF system. We compare the performance with chirp-free PAM-4/8 schemes generated by differential-driven mode. Then, we adopt the µ-law quantizer to verify the effectiveness of the proposed schemes and the Lloyd-Max algorithm-based quantizer to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). With the help of chirp-dispersion interaction-enabled uneven optical PAM-4/8 schemes, the experimental results show 11.3-dB and 4.8-dB SNR gains of the wireless signal after 5-km fiber transmission, respectively.