Bit error probability of the M‐QAM scheme subject to multilevel double gated additive white Gaussian noise and η‐μ, κ‐μ, or α‐μ fading

Abstract

AbstractThis paper presents new and exact expressions for the bit error probability (BEP) of the square M‐ary quadrature amplitude modulation scheme subject to η‐μ, κ‐μ or α‐μ fading and multilevel double gated additive white Gaussian noise, which is composed by the sum of a white Gaussian component of variance and a white Gaussian noise component of variance gated by a discrete random process defined in continuous time, which takes values into a finite discrete set. BEP curves, with and without imperfect channel estimation, corroborated by simulations using the Monte Carlo method, are presented for different values of parameters that characterize mathematically the channel.