Abstract
In bistatic forward-looking synthetic aperture radar (BFSAR) ground moving target detection (GMTD), the suppression of the strong and heterogeneous ground clutter is one of the most crucial and challenging issues. Due to the bistatic forward-looking mode and long observation time, Doppler ambiguity, range and Doppler cells migration and non-stationary characteristics will exist in clutter receives, which leads to severe performance degradation of the traditional method. Hence, this paper proposes a GMTD method based on joint clutter cancellation in echo-image domain for BFSAR to achieve effective GMTD in heterogeneous BFSAR clutter. First, the pre-filtering and keystone transform are applied to suppress Doppler ambiguity and correct range cell migration, respectively. Then, time-division space-time adaptive clutter cancellation is adopted to suppress clutter at the first time in the echo domain, which can eliminate the effect of the migration of Doppler cells. However, its performance will be severely degraded due to the strong non-stationary characteristic of BFSAR clutter. Finally, adaptive displaced phase center antenna is exploited to suppress the residual non-stationary BFSAR clutter in image domain. Experimental results have shown that the strong non-stationary clutter of BFSAR has been sufficiently suppressed by the proposed method and the SCNR provided is enough to detect a moving target well.
Highlights
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is unique in disaster monitoring, resources exploration, military reconnaissance and security-related fields, due to its high-resolution day and night observation ability for areas of interest, independent of weather conditions
This paper proposes a bistatic forward-looking SAR (BFSAR) moving target detection method based on joint clutter cancellation in echo-image domain with three receiving channels
Based on the previous analysis of BFSAR echo characteristics, a BFSAR ground moving target detection method based on joint clutter cancellation in echo-image domain with three receiving channels is introduced
Summary
Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is unique in disaster monitoring, resources exploration, military reconnaissance and security-related fields, due to its high-resolution day and night observation ability for areas of interest, independent of weather conditions. The target signal cannot be directly distinguished from the clutter in the space-time domain due to its Doppler cell migration, which leads to severe clutter suppression performance deterioration. This paper proposes a BFSAR moving target detection method based on joint clutter cancellation in echo-image domain with three receiving channels. The proposed method can eliminate the influence of Doppler ambiguity and range and Doppler cell migration on clutter suppression, but can reduce the effect of non-stationary characteristic of BFSAR clutter and improve the SCNR for target detection. Experimental results of traditional STAP, direct time-division STACC after the correction of the cell migration and joint clutter cancellation in echo-image domain have shown that the strong and non-stationary ground clutter of BFSAR can be suppressed sufficiently by the proposed method and the SCNR can be improved greater, where a moving target can be well detected.
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