Abstract
Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a synthetic chemical ubiquitous in the environment and listed as an endocrine disruptor. It has the tendency of migrating into food stored in materials containing it. This study, therefore, determines the concentrations of BPA in foods commonly consumed in Southwest Nigeria by the adult population and also estimates the risk associated with human exposure. Eight different food categories were selected for this study. Standard QuEChERS protocol was used for sample extraction and analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Vegetable oil had the highest BPA concentration (28.4 ng/g). This was followed by aquatic canned fish (26.3 ng/g), canned beef (21.3 ng/g) and crayfish (17.5 ng/g). These concentrations were below the 600 ng/g limit of the European Commission for BPA in foods. Bisphenol-A was not detected in raw beef, chicken, cheese, apple, tomatoes, beans and rice; and chicken eggs. The adult population had an average dietary intake of 30.4 ng/kg bw/day. There is no likely occurrence of harmful health effects of BPA in the selected foods with respect to the current concentrations found therein. However, routine monitoring is recommended to prevent human exposure to BPA.
Highlights
Bisphenol-A, 4, 4′-dihydroxy-2, 2-diphenylpropane, is a synthetic organic compound obtained from the condensation of acetone and phenol[1] and a high volume industrial chemical
One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the concentrations of BPA in foods commonly consumed in Southwest Nigeria showed a significant variation within the food types and across the food categories (Supplementary Table S2)
A total of 250 households, which comprised of 100 males and 150 females, participated in this study out of the 400 households surveyed across the 10 Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Lagos and Ibadan
Summary
Bisphenol-A, 4, 4′-dihydroxy-2, 2-diphenylpropane, is a synthetic organic compound obtained from the condensation of acetone and phenol[1] and a high volume industrial chemical It has drawn global attention in recent years[2] due to its ability to interfere with the functioning of endocrine systems. To ensure the safety of food contact materials, the European Union has established restrictions of use and migration limit of 0.6 mg BPA per kg food[40]. It was prohibited in the manufacturing of plastic for infant feeding bottles since 1 May 2011 (Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 321/2011).
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