Abstract

In recent years, bisphenol analogues such as bisphenol S (BPS) have come to replace bisphenol A in food packaging and food containers, since bisphenol A (BPA) has been shown to leach into food and water, causing numerous negative health effects. Unfortunately, little or no research was done to determine the safety of these BPA-free products before they were marketed to the public as a healthier alternative. The latest studies have shown that some of these bisphenol analogues may be even more harmful than the original BPA in some situations. This article used a literature survey to investigate the bisphenol analogue BPS and compare it to BPA and other analogues with regards to increased obesity, metabolic disorders, cancer, and reproductive defects; among others. It was found that BPS works via different pathways than does BPA while causing equivalent obesogenic effects, such as activating preadipocytes, and that BPS was correlated with metabolic disorders, such as gestational diabetes, that BPA was not correlated with. BPS was also shown to be more toxic to the reproductive system than BPA and was shown to hormonally promote certain breast cancers at the same rate as BPA. Therefore, a strong argument may be made to regulate BPS in exactly the same manner as BPA.

Highlights

  • Bisphenol compounds are found throughout the contemporary world in the form of plastics that are used extensively by consumers for food storage

  • One study from 2017 tested the toxicity, estrogenicity, and teratogenic effects of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), BPF, and BPAF. Their results showed that the toxicity and estrogenicity were similar, with BPAF being more toxic and estrogenic than BPA; while

  • Dietary exposure to the BPA replacement known as bisphenol S, or BPS, is likely more toxic and seems to cause more pathologies in the reproductive system than the original BPA or any of the other BPA analogues

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Summary

Introduction

Bisphenol compounds are found throughout the contemporary world in the form of plastics that are used extensively by consumers for food storage. These polymers are widely used in the packaging of baby formula, baby bottles, the lining of canned food and drink, dental implants, and sales receipts. Though, these particular plastics enter the diet when people microwave food in plastic food containers or eat and drink from plastics that have been exposed to much wear or harsh chemicals that break down the monomers and release them into the food or drink. The concern about BPA affecting child development prompted a ban on BPA-containing

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