Abstract
Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) recognize two different epitopes. This dual specificity opens up a wide range of applications, including redirecting T cells to tumor cells, blocking two different signaling pathways simultaneously, dual targeting of different disease mediators, and delivering payloads to targeted sites. The approval of catumaxomab (anti-EpCAM and anti-CD3) and blinatumomab (anti-CD19 and anti-CD3) has become a major milestone in the development of bsAbs. Currently, more than 60 different bsAb formats exist, some of them making their way into the clinical pipeline. This review summarizes diverse formats of bsAbs and their clinical applications and sheds light on strategies to optimize the design of bsAbs.
Highlights
44 monoclonal antibody-based products are marketed, which generated approximately $75 billion USD in total worldwide sales in 2013 [1]
Two bsAbs have been approved with an impressive treatment profile
The success of bsAbs has captured the attention of pharmaceutical companies, with different companies devising new formats
Summary
44 monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based products are marketed, which generated approximately $75 billion USD in total worldwide sales in 2013 [1]. Phase II, NCT02345070 Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis bsAb bispecific antibody, ALL lymphoblastic leukemia, NHL non-Hodgkin lymphoma, wet AMD wet type age-related macular degeneration, MPM malignant pleural mesothelioma, NSCLC non-small-cell lung cancer Compared to normal IgG molecules, scFvs exhibit high tumor specificity and tissue penetration; scFv-based bsAbs are favored and have several possible clinical applications.
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