Abstract
Purpose: To examine the pattern of testicular cancer incidence by age, time period and birth cohort since 1969 in Canada. Method: In addition to analyses of the secular trends by age group and birth cohort separately, an age-period-cohort model and the submodels with standard Poisson assumptions were fitted to the data. Results: The overall age-adjusted incidence of testicular cancer increased in Canada, from 2.8 per 100,000 males in 1969–71 to 4.2 in 1991–93. The younger age groups showed much higher absolute incidence rates in the recent period compared with those in the early period. Age-period-cohort modelling of data restricted to males aged 20–84 years suggested that the observed increase in testicular cancer could be largely attributed to a birth cohort effect. A steady increase in risk was observed among men born since 1945; those born between 1959 and 1968 were 2.0 (95% CI, 1.5–2.6) rimes as likely to develop testicular cancer as those born between 1904 and 1913. Conclusion: The risk of testicular cancer has increased over time and changing exposure to environmental factors early in life may be responsible for this.
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